Sandeep Nailwal - The Age of Aggregation - TOKEN2049 Singapore 2024

I want to talk about like uh our uh uh you know the the the topic of the presentation the age of aggregation and why I why I uh bring up this topic is that we have been in this uh blockchain industry almost like it's been like 15 years and we still apart from stable coins which also have little bit success but generally we have not seen uh you know blockchains being adopted at a global scale and the the vision for everyone of us like everyone who's building in crypto especially on the infrastructure side especially my generation 2017 18 20 generation who are building infrastructure products everybody wants to have uh you know the infrastructure of crypto to reach a place where it can rival internet right the internet today which we called Web 2 and the internet of today which is web 2 it is it is a internet of information internet of data and it has two important uh you know two important features to it which makes it global scale two billion people use it first of that is it is practically infinitely scalable when I say practically there's a big ASX in that I'm not saying that the bandwidth on these optical fiber lines is infinite but but you won't find a app developer saying that they can't launch their app and they can't scale their app because of the scalability problems on Internet it's practically infinite only on uh um iPhone uh App Store and Android App Store you have around seven or 8 million applications plus you would have probably 20 million applications on the web app side and like I think even hundreds of millions of websites and so many other things right so people can launch as much as they as many applications as they they they want to launch second thing is the data and the information is seamless that means that when you landed in Singapore you did not have to connect to the internet of Singapore you just came in you just had like your own mobile uh data package most likely you were you had a roaming package from your existing carrier and boom you were directly connected to Internet so seamless interconnectivity and unified uh infinite scalability and unified uh information across the globe like this data like all this information is being produced broadcasted over YouTube to the whole world the same thing has to happen for uh web3 if web3 needs to go to internet scale the web3 is the internet of value the same things should happen for Value First infinite scalability second unified liquidity that means you shouldn't have to think about like okay I have 100 usdt on this chain I need to bridge to this chain and so many other things and that's what I'm going to talk uh in more detail about that right so first is this quest for infinite like infinite scale right and if you see the current uh level of scalability and most of the chains that are like you know very popular chains uh which will say that we have X DPS like 100 DPS 500 DPS th000 DPS and or 5,000 50,000 DPS that all they all are talking about a a constant TPS that this x number is our TPS uh you know capacity and no matter what how big the N is is still constant and if you want the whole world to come into web 3 that's not enough and if you see like you know some of the prominent blockchains like you know Bitcoin has 7 TPS ethereum has 13 TPS polygon POS launched in uh 2020 it had 200 TPS at that time it was very very scalable even now it's one of the most popular chains uh for the developers and then and by the number of users and number of transactions Solana today boasts of 3500 TPS but at the end it's some limited TPS and how do we reach infinite uh TPS for uh blockchains that means as many apps want to launch they can have infinite amount of and captive TPS a dedicated TPS for them right so yeah the question that how do we prepare web3 infra for internet scale and we need need for this we need these two things practically infinite TPS no fragmentation enter AG like what polygon I think most of you guys would know that polygon's new like the the the latest product that in our uh you know six year journey of building and development uh we believe that Ager and I I I in fact request you or even challenge you like you know speak to a lot of researchers in the blockchain space any researcher in the blockchain space they will tell you that this the AG that we are building is seems like something like this will be the end game of crypto infrastructure and which can achieve these two practical uh practical limits that I was saying practical features and whether it's from polygon or somebody else that nobody knows but the architecture will look something similar to this and what is the architecture the architecture is that AG layer is this is this layer which provides inter operability uh across the chains and safety guarantees across the chains what ethereum provides it just Aggregates them together and post one uh proof on ethereum but that provides them unified settlement guarantees but it also provides them safe interoperability guarantees and what it also does is under the hood it unifies liquidity that means if you have $100 on any of these let's say in in very short time there will be hundreds and hundreds of these chains if you have 100 usdc on any of these chain it means that you have 100 usdc on all of those chains right you can spend that 100 usdc safely on any of those chains and you don't have to worry about all this bridging and everything in the background you don't have to worry about the liquidity on that chain and all that that usdt smart contract exists on all the chains and that is what uh we are building with agair it's a it's obviously under the hood there's lot of engineering it's like years and years of research but this is allowed essentially on a little bit technical level it allows the chains to use a shared Bridge with a safety guarantee for all the chains and obviously a low latency interoperability so for some of you guys who use you know smart contracts on various chains um these layer to stacks these days like there are already more than 100 layer to stacks and my belief is by when we are next year when we'll be talking here in uh token 2049 September we would be around at, chains there will be around thousand chains decent like respectable chains I'm talking about like there will be already probably 500 chains I'm saying who have some level of traction you will have thousand chains already and with these L2 Stacks we have already the crypto space has already solved the infinite scalability problem like as many uh scalability as much scalability you need you can launch your own chain that SC that uh TPS is completely available to you now you you have projects like rise labs and you know Mega E and all that who are building on getting single chain to have thousand 100,000 DPS right even if they achieve 10,000 DPS that's that's like huge amount of uh scalability for a single chain and uh and now so basically the scalability problem is solved but the problem as you you would have all heard in the ethereum ecosystem that we are having this fragmentation problem and Ager is the solution to address that problem like you have infinite scalability how do you combine all of the those chains together in one single layer and that's what Ager is building towards um some of the components on Ager uh you know this is like little bit uh you know deeper detail into it like I'll not go into the uh too many technical details but on a higher level it basically we know that all of these chains are ledgers right and what we do what Ager is is basically a big Global Ledger where all of these chains have some level of chain level of chain level accounting they have this chain level Accounting in the form of ZK proofs and what Ager does is it Aggregates all the ledgers all these individual chains uh the ledgers from them into one single large Ledger right and using that single large Ledger and the reference to that these chains can move value around to them right around them and the users can simply use applications so uh you know as the Ager uh you know version goes live one version goes live in October and somewhere around like mid December to January the fast interoperability version goes live for the developers here you would be able to call a smart contract from chain a like your user is on chain a he has he or she has th000 usdt you want that user to buy an nft on a chain B the user will be able to click you know do it with one single click it goes to the other chain buys the nft brings the nft backs into back into one chain the user will not even see it right and the experience will be very similar to how you are used to experiencing the current web to Applications so chain level accounting is a very important factor of that proof aggregation is very important factor of that one other mental model I want to share uh with you guys right you can also think of AG layer it's not really a chain though but I'm just trying to give a simple analogy you can think of Ager as a as like a chain like Solana but each address on the Chain instead of it being a user address each address is a chain right like for example you go you use a chain like ethereum or Solana or any other polygon P each address defines a user right or a smart contract on a layer each address will denominate a chain right and you could have like technically millions and millions of chain in future and all those chains are interacting with each other and this will give you kind of like the semblance of uh of of like internet itself like as many applications come into the market they can launch their own chain they don't need to be uh isolated on an island they are connected into the mainstream liquidity if they are able to attract the users the users will have no problem in moving the liquidity so that's what uh we are building with uh with the with the Ager and it has like as I said three things chain level accounting it does proof aggregation ZK proof aggregation and it has a unified bridge and uh another big advantage of Ager is that many of you guys who might be seeing let's say various Stacks uh available in the market Layer Two Stacks they have business models different business models many of those business models uh include sharing of the sequencer fees for the entrepreneurs to these stack uh teams AG doesn't uh you know doesn't ask the entrepreneurs from that like if you are launching your own chain 100% of the sequencer fees goes to you everything like you control all parts of your governance you control how much decentralized you want to be if you want to have privacy which VM you want to use it's absolutely built uh you know from basis on the principles of capitalism like full freedom to the developers no fee sharing required from the developers all you are in when when when as a developer your chain is interacting with the AG it is using AG as you know it is paying into the agay as it as you go right so when you need the interoperability service when you need to submit the proof you pay a very small fees for for submitting the proof but you don't have to pay a fixed rent to the Ager and that is one of the most important advantages due to which a lot of developers are choosing uh to connect with agir plus the advantage is that all of these existing you know Stacks like op stack arbitrum orbit uh many other uh Stacks that are available in the market in fact even layer ones anybody can connect to the Ager and that's the design goal for Ager that any kind of chain L1 L2 doesn't matter they should be able to connect to a unified liquidity layer um you know some of the benefits I already spoke like the native uh tokens like you know any token that exist on Ager it exists across the chains so for an end user they are interacting with one single chain no matter which chain is underneath they're interacting with a single chain and that is very similar to what you see with internet today uh you know you you don't like as I said that you know you you are just connected to Internet you are not connecting to internet of Singapore internet of America internet of India whatever right so these are all uh uh you know single things then obviously it also allows complex message passing like you know you can pass complex messages from one smart contract to another smart contract on another chain so very critical uh level of composability benefits you can drive from there then we have a very cool function especially for the developers called bridge and call what it means is that any service that is available on any of the chains for example you connect into Ager and polygon POS is Connect into binance is connected into binance so for many many practical uses your chain your new chain which is it is extremely hard to get connected into the exchanges right your get your chain natively connected into exchanges but using the bridge and call functionality if you are building a new chain for yourself your chain is automatically connected to binance using polygon POS how you it will happen is you will basically essentially on the front end user will you know sign some transaction it will actually Bridge it Bridge the asset and then call a function on the other side and your uh you know funds can get deposited into binance uh similarly it is true for onramp off-ramp are are a very big problem for most of the upcoming chains right it's very hard to get on RAM offr provider to add a new chain it's costly also again using a you don't need to have onramp offramp natively on your chain you can simply use on-ramp available on any of the Ager chains and simply connect with it and as I said that you know it is agnostic to the stacks so if you are building on op stack you are building on arbitrum orbit uh our next releases will allow you to connect your any of your Stacks into uh the Ager so you know it's very uh it's it's very Freedom invoking also for the for the developers and obviously all of this results into the unified liquidity which is one of the biggest advantages of Ager um I would like to close there then you know the AER plus polygon cdk polygon cdk is our own stack although it's not necessary but if you wanted to have a quick and uh you know direct use into the AER you can use cdk very soon other Stacks are coming so this will change from Ager plus polygon cdk to Ager plus any stack and you have infinite TPS on on this large Network and you you have uh you know unified liquidity which we believe will take the blockchain infra to a place where it can start resembling more and more uh to like what web2 is for data and information it will be for the value because we all are building this internet of value and that's the that's the mission of polygon that's the mission of agair unlimited scalability unified liquidity I'll rest my case here thank you everyone