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Building the Applications of the Future I Harsh Rajat

ETHGlobalSun, Nov 9, 2025, 12:00 AM

Harsh Rajat, co-founder and CEO of Pushchain, discusses building decentralized applications (dApps) for the future, focusing on the challenges of cross-chain development, interoperability, and user experience in Web3. He recounts Push's journey from ETHGlobal 2020, highlighting the importance of hackathons, community support, and VC funding in their growth. Harsh identifies key pain points: increased infrastructure management, codebase fragmentation, high audit costs, and user friction due to multiple wallets and bridging protocols. To address these, Pushchain introduces a universal shared state blockchain, enabling developers to deploy once and reach users across all chains with native experiences, simplified infra, and seamless interoperability. Pushchain leverages EVM tooling and a UI kit SDK for easy integration, abstracting away complexities for both users and developers. Harsh announces the Pushchain testnet launch at ETHGlobal Delhi 2025 and introduces the exclusive Auto Pass for hackathon participants. 00:00 Introduction 00:38 Pushchain Origin Story & ETHGlobal 2020 01:40 Growth, Traction, and Push’s Success 02:08 The Hacker’s Reality: Cross-Chain Challenges 03:02 Infrastructure and Interoperability Issues 04:12 Fragmentation, Audit Costs, and User Friction 05:55 Rethinking dApp Development: The Pushchain Vision 06:22 User Experience: Present vs. Future 07:41 Pushchain: Shared State Chain Explained 08:16 Developer and User Benefits 09:00 Building on Pushchain: EVM Tooling & UI Kit 09:29 Code Integration Example 10:13 Pushchain Testnet & Auto Pass Announcement 10:52 Conclusion & Q&A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 🇮🇳 *Pragma New Delhi* Pragma New Delhi 2025 was held on September 25th at the JW Marriott Hotel in Aerocity New Delhi and was an in-person summit for builders and leaders in the web3 ecosystem. Watch the full Pragma New Delhi YouTube Playlist here: ETHGlobal's Pragma series takes place in cities around the world, and is designed to be a different kind of event. Pragma is a one-stage conference with founders-only on stage, bringing together a small group of curated attendees and speakers to discuss the future of web3 and reflect on the past. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ✅ Follow Harsh Rajat X: https://x.com/harshrajat ✅ Follow Push Chain X: https://x.com/PushChain ✅ Follow ETHGlobal X: https://x.com/ETHGlobal​ Warpcast: https://warpcast.com/ethglobal Website: https://ethglobal.com YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@UCfF9ZO8Ug4xk_AJd4aeT5HA _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Are you interested in Ethereum development and entrepreneurship? 👉 Sign up for the next ETHGlobal event: https://ethglobal.com/events 🎁 Get exclusive access and perks with ETHGlobal Plus! https://ethglobal.com/plus 📣 Want us to throw an event in your city? Tell us where! https://ethglobal.com/city _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Transcript

All [Music] right, we are ready for our next speaker. And for this one, I'd like to bring on Harsh from Push to tell you all about building DAPs for the future. Please give Hush a big round of applause. GMGM folks, I'm Hush, co-founder and CEO of Pushchain. And today we are going to be talking about building apps of the future.

But of course, before that, let's rewind. Let's talk about the hack that started it all. Well, if you don't already know, Push was born from Eid Global 2020. And this was the single most critical decision that we took after we got the idea. Because of this decision, we got to ideate from the best founders.

We got the support that we needed, especially if we are not sleeping for 48 hours. And of course, we got judged by the best POGs in this space. Some of which will go on to become friends for life. And all of this will snowball your product into limelight. We got talked about from leaders of web three.

We piloted with the best protocols in the world. We got grants from the best bluechip companies. We of course raised our first community round through Gitcoin. We were the top three project over there and later on raised from the best VCs in the world. And all this hype will translate into traction.

That's what it did for Push. Push is the leading notification protocol in crypto right now. We work with 450 plus protocols and we have sent millions of notifications and keep on sending millions out every year. But while that's a great successor story, there's the other side of the story that we also found out while we were building push for the past four years. And that's the hackers reality or the pain point the hackers still go through.

Let's see that. So you as a hacker and we as a hacker when we start we start with the idea we are paying for the app features. It's very simple. We deploy that app on Ethereum. Ethereum is where innovation lives even right now and that's great.

That's how we get our product out to the masses. But of course, we dream big. So we want to go crosschain and it's not 2020 anymore. So you have to go crosschain and that's where the problem happens because that's where the shift happens from you building app features to you caring more and more about Infra. That happened for us as well.

The moment we deployed our app on cross chain now we are managing infra more just 5% more at this point but now we are keeping organization tabs we want to deploy everything at once. So there's 5 to 10% of our effort going over there but of course it doesn't stop over there. The moment you deploy your app on crosschain now you have another headache and that's a fragmentation and the interop headache. every one of us is is struggling with right now. So single app you have a single source of truth that's your smart contract.

But now you have four smart contracts. So what do you do? You either make your app more complex and you pull in all the data from all these smart contracts in your app or use an indexer but still you make your app really complex or you use a interop protocol and that convolutes your smart contract that overshoots your audit price and the more and more chain you deploy the more and more you will be paying focus on infra first rather than the app features which got you into limelight. If it of course doesn't stop over there because you want to go and capture the entire web three and that means that you will have to go for nonem chains as well. Now the same app features you have to reordit them.

You have to rewrite their code bases. That means your engineering team is expanding. Your cost to deliver that engineering is expanding. Your audit cost it will go into hundreds of thousands if not millions of dollars and all of that only to deliver the same app feature set to the user base across web three. On the flip side, the user is also not benefiting out of it because most of the solver networks, most of the bridging protocols, almost everyone will require you to do extra clicks which means there is a user friction that you're introducing that or you force them to learn different wallets or you just give up and hope that they bridge funds or learn your protocol first.

something that really worked well in the early days because you had airdrops and you incentivized those users till the time we figured a perfect solution out but it's 2025 so something needs to be changed and those problems is something that we looked into deep and hard when we were building one of the first consumer crypto apps and we said to ourself that this is not fine. This needs to change. A app developer should only be making app and the features. And that led us to create the very first shared state universal chain push in where apps of the future will reside where you deploy once and you are able to reach every user. And the best way to show you is through an example.

So that's what we are doing. You can see two examples over here. the current broken state of uh the user right now and the future. So on the future of push in what you do is you go to you know swap you connect your wallet it's a Solana wallet because you are a Solana user wanting to swap to Ethereum. You connect your wallet you put the amount you click on swap and that's about it.

Everything will be done. It doesn't matter if you're a smart contract if you're a EOA if you're an NFT on Ethereum on Bitcoin on Polygon on Solana. It doesn't matter. It simply works on the other side. U the current state the user is still figuring out they were on Solana so they went to sushi swap then they got confused with so many chains then they got confused with zero x address so they gave up.

We updated the problem. It's a advanced user. So now they go to Binance. Now they will of course send the funds deposit get it out go to sus swap uh after that and u uh basically swap. But yeah you don't have to do that anymore with push chain is just you deploy once and you reach every user.

No hackish way. That's it. And that's what pushin is. It's a shared state chain that abstract away any and all complexities from the user and devs. The users interact from any chain.

They use any token. They use any wallet and more so the users of any chain for the first time is accessing the same app. they they have their native identity and all the users whenever they're using apps it will look and feel like they're using it natively on whatever chain they come from. For the developers everything is back to the fundamentals. The developers will now just focus on the app.

They will manage just the app features. Pusheen will manage the wallets, the fees, the liquidity, the interoperability for them. For the users, all apps will open up to them. They can start from anywhere. Even if they are not on web three, they can do social login.

The identity of their chain and their transaction is maintained. The attribution is maintained. They can use any token and all the things that they do, they do with a single transaction. All this with zero onchain code changes and that's what pushchain is about. To build it, you use the same EVM tooling, you use the same EVM contract, you just uh use or you just uh enable L1 abstraction by including UI kit which is our SDK and you forgot uh you forget about infra because after that whatever change that we add is just a package update for you.

Here's just a simple example of what UI kit looks like. It's just five lines of code that you need to add to your source code. And if you're a pro builder, of course, you want to customize. So that five line of code becomes 10. And that is what pushin is the first universal shared state uh blockchain.

But yeah one more thing we have this habit of loving Eid global and launching from Eid global right we launched push notifications from hack money 2020 we launched walletto wallet messaging from pota 2022 we launched video and the native web3 communication stack from Tokyo 2023 and we are extremely excited to launch push in testn net from e global Delhi 2025. One more thing, we are also launching auto pass for you guys. It's a rare drop that comes with future benefits and perks on push chain. Only 3 to 5% of our community will get it, but every hacker who is hacking on Eat Global gets one. Awesome.

That's my time, guys. Thank you. If you have any questions, you can find me. And uh happy hacking. [Music]

Automatic transcript — names and jargon may be misspelled.